A Changing Environment - Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (full version)

AMAP's 2011 assessment of the impacts of climate change on Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA) brings together the latest scientific knowledge about the changing state of each component of the Arctic 'cryosphere'. It examines how these changes will impact both the Arctic as a whole and people living within the Arctic and elsewhere in the world.